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M077 + (I brought the willow of Paegak Mountain to Anhwa Monastery. The spring breeze must be busy. Swish, swish—it rustles again.)
M072 + (I kept you cool in the heat, warm in the c … I kept you cool in the heat, warm in the cold, and nourished you with delicacies.Why then did you pierce through the clouds and left me, never to return?To the swallows never did I feed a single grain of rice,yet year after year they return and fly around my painted beams.ey return and fly around my painted beams.)
E683 + (I once accompanied Yu Kŭn as a Composer of … I once accompanied Yu Kŭn as a Composer of Documents (chesulgwan) to Yongman (1609). When we arrived at P’yŏngyang, Yi Tal, already past age seventy, was staying as a visitor in the city. Elderly government slaves and kisaengs told me in detail the stories of Yi’s youthful revelry. They said that in the past when Academician (haksa) Sŏ Ik was Superintendent of Taedong post station (ch’albang) and Academician (haksa) Ch’oe Kyŏngch’ang was Assistant Magistrate (sŏyun), the two invited Yi to Pubyŏk Tower and selected the best singers and zither players, about ten in number, and ordered them to wait on him properly. Every evening after work, Ch’oe, together with Sŏ, arrived at Pubyŏk Tower in sedan chairs and drank wine and wrote poems, revelling to the full till they departed. This continued until Ch’oe’s official term was over and he returned to the court. Regardless of status, Ch’oe cherished talent like Sŏ. On a poetry plaque at Pubyŏk Tower was written Chŏng Chisang’s quatrain “When the rain stops, the long riverbanks turn luxuriantly green” 雨歇長堤草色多, which for long had been considered a poetic masterpiece (chŏlch’ang). One day Ch’oe said, “The three of us have been writing poems on this tower regularly, and we have written exhaustively about mountains and rivers, fish and birds. Why don’t we choose a topic and write a quatrain?” Sŏ replied, “We can choose the ‘Lotus Picking Song’ 採蓮曲 as the topic.” Ch’oe responded, “We can use the rhyme of the poem on the plaque.” The three of them held their brushes and pondered. After exerting strenuous endeavor, Ch’oe, then Sŏ, and finally Yi completed their poems. In the end, they chose Yi’s poem as a poetic masterpiece (chŏlch’ang). 蓮葉參差蓮子多蓮花相間女郎歌來時約伴橫塘口辛苦移舟逆上波 Lotus leaves are here and there. Lotus seeds are bountiful. Amid lotus flowers, young girls sing. To keep the promise made with friends to meet at the mouth of the dike, they onerously push the boat up against the waves. The poems by Ch’oe and Sŏ were not inferior yet they particularly chose Yi’s as the best. We can see the two men’s intent to esteem and award a common scholar. This is what Yi himself had told me. In my humble opinion, the two characters, “amid” 相間, do not seem appropriate.cters, “amid” 相間, do not seem appropriate.)
M070 + (I remember the time when I was fifteen, with golden hairpins on both sides adorning my long and dark hair. What a pity! Only when my beauty faded and splendor diminished did I come to be a red lotus in the government tent!)
E044 + (Im Ch’un’s 林椿 (ca. 1180; sobriquet Sŏha [W … Im Ch’un’s 林椿 (ca. 1180; sobriquet Sŏha [West River]) poem “Listening to Orioles” 聞鶯 reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">In the farm, mulberries are ripe and barley grows thick.From green trees, I hear the sound of yellow orioles.You seem to recognize Luoyang’s traveler passing by the flowers!For you warble on with passion without rest.</blockquote>Ch’oe Cha’s 崔滋 (1188–1260; sobriquet Munch’ŏng [Literary Clarity]) poem “During an Overnight Duty Listening to a Crane Cry on Ch’aejin Peak” 夜直聞採眞峯鶴唳 reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Clouds have cleared away in the sky. Now the moon shines on.The crane resting in its pine nest cannot contain this pure sight.In the mountain full of gibbons and birds, few understand your sound. Fanning the fluttering feathers, you alone cry in midnight.</blockquote>Both poems express the sorrow of not having met their opportune time. However, Im’s does not measure up to the spirited integrity of Ch’oe’s.ever, Im’s does not measure up to the spirited integrity of Ch’oe’s.)
E045 + (In Fourth Censor (chŏng’ŏn) Chin Hwa’s 陳澕 … In Fourth Censor (chŏng’ŏn) Chin Hwa’s 陳澕 (ca. 1215) “Singing the Willow” 詠柳, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Myriad golden reeds along the west side of Fengchengstir up my spring blues, casting a gloomy shade.The boundless breeze blows without end,bringing mist and rain into deep autumn.</blockquote>The poem possesses a sentimental charm (chŏngch’i) and flows beautifully (yuryŏ).In contrast, the Tang poet Li Shangyin’s 李商隱 (813–858) poem “Willow” 柳 reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Together with the spring breeze we once swayed on the dancing mats.With joy, we wandered in a sundrenched garden, only to part ways with a broken heart in the sky.How can I wait until the clear Autumn Festival?The setting sun has already arrived, accompanied by cicadas.</blockquote>Chin likely drew inspiration from this poem to write his own.Huang Tingjian 黃庭堅 (1045–1105; sobriquet Shangu [Mountain Valley]) has a saying, “<blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">The one who makes plans by following others will eventually be a follower. By developing one’s style, one will attain realism (p’ipchin).</blockquote>” How true!ollower. By developing one’s style, one will attain realism (p’ipchin).</blockquote>” How true!)
E041 + (In his long poem “Munsu Monastery at Mt. S … In his long poem “Munsu Monastery at Mt. Samgak” 三角山文殊寺, Yi Changyong wrote, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Words become sparse when a crescent moon enters deep into the brambly gate.sit for long in a gentle breeze that makes the tall cedar trees sing.</blockquote>He must have found a delight (ch’wi) in being deep in the mountain.Another line reads,<blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Amidst the sound of bells and prayers, a lantern burns bright red.</blockquote>Luo Bi’s 羅泌 (1131–1189) Lu shi 路史 (Grand History) records, “There was a person who never changed the fire in the furnace for five generations. The color of that fire was said to be as red as blood.” Yi used this story to refer to the long-burning lantern.to be as red as blood.” Yi used this story to refer to the long-burning lantern.)
E036 + (In his poem “Han Gan’s Painting of Fourtee … In his poem “Han Gan’s Painting of Fourteen Horses” 題韓干十四馬圖, Su Shi wrote,<blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Scholar Han painted horses, real horses.Master Su writes a poem just like a painting.When Bo Le is no more,nor is there Han. To whom shall I show this poem and this painting?</blockquote>In his poem on the painting of egrets and cormorants, Yi Kyubo wrote, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">A painting cannot be owned by everyone.A poem can reach everywhere.If a poem reads like a painting,it befits to be known for ten thousand years.</blockquote>Although the two poems differ in words, their meaning (yongŭi) is the same.h the two poems differ in words, their meaning (yongŭi) is the same.)
E807 + (In the Koryŏ dynasty, each style (ch’e) ha … In the Koryŏ dynasty, each style (ch’e) had its outstanding poem. Yi Saek’s “Yesterday passing Yongmyŏng Monastery” 昨過永明寺 and Chŏng Chisang’s “When the rain stops, the long riverbanks turn luxuriantly green” 雨歇長堤草色多 have been esteemed in the categories of five-character regulated verse and seven-character quatrain, respectively. But authoritative works in the categories of seven-character regulated verse and five-character quatrain are yet to be determined. Wouldn’t they have to be Chin Hwa’s “Drizzles come down in the morning like wispy, fine feathers”小雨朝來卷細毛 and Yi Kyubo’s “The monk in the mountain greedy for moon” 山僧貪月色?How do phrases such as, 細雨僧縫衲寒江客棹舟 Under a light rain, a monk mends his robe. On the cold river, a traveler rows his boat. 寒雲秋落渚獨鶴暮歸遼 Cold clouds descend on an autumn islet. A lone crane returns to Liao at dusk. 風生萬古穴江撼五更樓 A wind rises in a grotto of ten thousand years.A river shakes the tower at the fifth watch. compare to phrases like, 竹虛同客性松老等僧年 The bamboo is empty like the traveler’s nature. The pine is old same as the monk’s age. 鶴立松丫暝雲生石竇涼 Dark. A crane stands on a forking pine tree. Chilly. A cloud rises from a rock grotto. 窗銜半規月人在一涯天 The window holds a half disc moon. People are at the end of one sky. They appear to be equal matches (hilhang).They appear to be equal matches (hilhang).)
M088 + (In the farm, mulberries are ripe and barley grows thick. From green trees, I hear the sound of yellow orioles. You seem to recognize Luoyang’s traveler passing by the flowers! For you warble on with passion without rest.)
C036 + (In the poem, we can perceive the dire circumstances of that time and the unwavering spirit of an old man.)
C043 + (Isn’t it because even after savoring it for a while, the poem still had a lingering flavor (mi)?)
E033 + (Kim Sinyun 金莘尹 (ca. 1171) wrote in his “Th … Kim Sinyun 金莘尹 (ca. 1171) wrote in his “The Double Ninth Festival in the Year of kyŏngin during the Reign of King Ŭijong (1170)” <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Under the carriage, dusty winds swirl. People are slain like tangled knots of hemp. Good times must not be wasted.Yellow chrysanthemums float on my white wine.</blockquote>In the poem, we can perceive the dire circumstances of that time and the unwavering spirit of an old man.es of that time and the unwavering spirit of an old man.)
C002 + (Lofty and ancient (kogo), robust and simpl … Lofty and ancient (kogo), robust and simple (unghon), her poem rivals the poems from the early Tang dynasty. At that time, the literary culture of the East had not yet flourished. Besides Ŭlchi Mundŏk’s quatrain, I had heard nothing else. That she achieved this as a female sovereign is truly remarkable.as a female sovereign is truly remarkable.)
C051 + (Luo Bi’s 羅泌 (1131–1189) Lu shi 路史 (Grand History) records, “There was a person who never changed the fire in the furnace for five generations. The color of that fire was said to be as red as blood.” Yi used this story to refer to the long-burning lantern.)
M066 + (Moonlight fills the ninth heaven, pipes and flutes resound on the earth. In a single night, spring blooms, turning mountains into embroidered brocades.)
M076 + (My mother is at the Han Canal, my family in Baizhu north. Under the moonlight, I hear a cuckoo’s call. South and north both worry me.)
M090 + (Myriad golden reeds along the west side of Fengcheng stir up my spring blues, casting a gloomy shade. The boundless breeze blows without end, bringing mist and rain into deep autumn.)
E008 + (O Sejae 吳世才 (b. 1133; styled Tŏkchŏn; sobr … O Sejae 吳世才 (b. 1133; styled Tŏkchŏn; sobriquet Pogyang [Puyang]) composed poetry with boldness and vigor (''kyŏngjun''). Not a small number of his poems are relished (''hoeja'') by people, but people have not seen his ability to match difficult rhymes. One day, while at [[L004|North Mountain]], he wished to write a poem on [[Halberd Rocks]], and the man whom O asked to choose the rhyme intentionally chose a difficult one. O wrote, The jagged rocks of [[L004|North Mountain]],people call you Halberd Rocks. Towering, you strike the crane riding Prince Jin. Soaring, you pierce the Divine Shaman. Lightning’s fire forged your handles. Frost-like salt whetted your blades. Can I use you as a weapon to conquer Chu and save Fan! After this event, an envoy from the Northern court (Yuan) skilled in poetry came. When the envoy heard this poem, he praised its beauty (''mi'') over and over, and asked whether the poet was still alive, what his position was, and whether he could meet him. The officials of our country were stupefied and did not know how to answer. When I heard this, I said, “Why didn’t they tell him that he currently holds the position of Edict Drafter Academician (''chego haksa'')?” The lack of ability to improvise in this situation is truly deplorable.ty to improvise in this situation is truly deplorable.)
C037 + (O learned poetic styles of Han Yu 韓愈 (768–824) and Du Fu 杜甫 (712–770), but his poems are few in number.)
M061 + (Old age and illness arrive together. All m … Old age and illness arrive together.All my life, I’ve lived as an unwaged scholar. Blurring vision has dimmed my eyesight.My pupils have lost their glow. I’m frightful of reading under a lampand scared of seeing snow’s glare.I will check the exam results in a while, then close my eyes and learn to forget all motive.se my eyes and learn to forget all motive.)
E034 + (Orator (taech’uk) O Sejae satirized King Ŭ … Orator (taech’uk) O Sejae satirized King Ŭijong’s travel incognito in a poem, reading, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">How come, on this clear day,dark clouds cover the ground? Citizens of the capital, Don’t come near!For the dragon is moving among us!</blockquote>His poem “Halberd Rocks” 戟巖 written to someone’s rhyme reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">The jagged rocks of North Mountain,people call you Halberd Rocks. Towering, you strike the crane riding Prince Jin. Soaring, you pierce the shaman in the sky.Lightning’s fire forged your handles.Frost-like salt whetted your blades. Shall I wield you as a weapon to conquer Chu and save Fan!</blockquote> His poem “Ailing Eyes” 病目 reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Old age and illness arrive together.All my life, I’ve lived as an unwaged scholar. Blurring vision has dimmed my eyesight.My pupils have lost their glow. I’m frightful of reading under a lampand scared of seeing snow’s glare.I will check the exam results in a while, then close my eyes and learn to forget all motive.</blockquote> Yi Kyubo (sobriquet Munsun [Literary Flow]) said that O learned poetic styles of Han Yu 韓愈 (768–824) and Du Fu 杜甫 (712–770), but his poems are few in number. The Kim kŏsa chip 金居士集 (Collected Works of Recluse Kim) hasPart one poem by O which reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">A hundred-span round timber, is useful because it’s useless. A three-foot long beak speaks without speaking.</blockquote> His seasoned robustness (nogŏn) is worthy of admiration.blockquote> His seasoned robustness (nogŏn) is worthy of admiration.)
E395 + (Our country’s Western Capital has scenic s … Our country’s Western Capital has scenic spots along the rivers and lakes with viewing towers where scholars and ladies play music. When imperial envoys visit there, they always linger and forget to return, and some even end up acting unruly in indulgence. The Koryŏ scholar Chŏng Chisang’s poem reads, 雨歇長堤草色多送君南浦動悲歌大同江水何時盡別淚年年添綠波 When the rain stops, the long riverbanks turn luxuriantly green. Seeing you off at Namp’o moves me to sing sad tunes. The waters of the Taedong River, when will you run dry? Tears at parting each year add to blue breakers. The poem was fervently circulated in its time, and now it is esteemed as a poetic masterpiece (chŏlch’ang). In the kyŏngjin year of the Wanli reign (1580; Sŏnjo 13), Ch’oe Kyŏngch’ang became Superintendent of Post Station (ch’albang) of the Taedong River and Sŏ Ik 徐益 (1542–1587) became Assistant Magistrate (sŏyun) of P’yŏngyang, and both were poets. Following Chŏng Chisang’s rhymes, they wrote “Lotus Picking Song” 采蓮曲. Ch’oe’s poem reads, 水岸悠悠楊柳多小船遙唱采菱歌紅衣落盡西風起日暮空江生夕波 Along the riverbanks that extend on and on, there are lots of willows. From small boats far away, people sing “Water Chestnut Picking Song.” After the red petals have all fallen, the winds rise from the west. At dusk, in the empty river, evening waves swell. Sŏ’s poem reads, 南湖士女采蓮多曉日靚裝相應歌不到盈裳不回棹有時遙渚阻風波 At South Lake, beautiful ladies pick lots of lotus flowers. In the morning sun, ladies with painted faces respond to each other in songs. Until their skirts are full, they will not turn their boats around. At times, distant islets hold back the winds and waves. After that, Ko Kyŏngmyŏng and Yi Tal (styled Ikchi) also wrote responding poems. Ko’s poem reads, 桃花晴浪席邊多搖蕩蓮舟送棹歌醉倚紅妝應不忘小風輕颺幙生波 On the clear waves, peach petals float by my seat in abundance. From the swaying lotus boat rings out a boat song. The beauty in red rouge, tipsy and leaning, he must not have forgotten. A breeze gently lifts the veils to make ripples. Yi’s poem reads, 蓮葉參差蓮子多蓮花相間女郎歌來時約伴橫塘口辛苦移舟逆上波 Lotus leaves are here and there. Lotus seeds are bountiful. Amid lotus flowers, young girls sing. To keep the promise made with friends to meet at the mouth of the dike, they onerously push the boat up against the waves. All of them were great (ka) poems of their generations, but I believe the one by Yi was the most excellent (u). the one by Yi was the most excellent (u).)
M003 + (Over [[Dongting Lake]], the moon goes down, and a solitary cloud returns home.)
E042 + (Pak Hang’s 朴恒 (1227–1281; sobriquet Munŭi … Pak Hang’s 朴恒 (1227–1281; sobriquet Munŭi [Literary Finesse]), <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Even on a low hill beat with a white sun, a rain can pour down. Over an old fortress covered in yellow sand, a rainbow suddenly appears.</blockquote> An Hyang’s 安珦 (1243–1306; sobriquet Munsŏng [Literary Completion]),<blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">A pigeon wings through a morning rain in the field of wild grass.A horse gallops through a spring breeze in a city brimming with flowers.</blockquote> Assistant Royal Secretary (milchik pusa) Kim I’s 金怡 (d. 1317), <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Where a wisp of dark cloud hovers, on which mountain does it rain?When the fragrant plants are lush, there is a breeze all day long.</blockquote> All of these phrases are excellent (ka). It is regrettable that I cannot see the complete poems of these poets.ent (ka). It is regrettable that I cannot see the complete poems of these poets.)

C035 + (Poets like to use such meters (''yul'').)

M079 + (Rosy ocean clouds do not bring rain and hover above the woods. A wildfire without wind reaches the treetop.)
M067 + (Scholar Han painted horses, real horses. Master Su writes a poem just like a painting. When Bo Le is no more,nor is there Han. To whom shall I show this poem and this painting?)
E032 + (Second Censor (sagan) Chŏng Chisang wrote, … Second Censor (sagan) Chŏng Chisang wrote, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">When the rain stops, the long riverbanks turn luxuriantly green.Seeing you off at Namp’o moves me to sing sad tunes.The waters of the Taedong River, when will you run dry?Tears at parting year after year add to rising breakers.</blockquote>In transcribing this poem, Liang Zai 梁載 (14th century) from Yannan wrote, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Tears at parting year after year build the blue breakers</blockquote>In my opinion, neither “rising” nor “swell” is satisfactory, and only “add more blue breakers” 添綠波 will suffice. Chŏng also wrote lines such as, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">The land responds to the blue sky, not too far apart from each other. People and white clouds face each other at ease.</blockquote><blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Drifting clouds and running streams, a traveler arrives at a temple. Red leaves and green mosses, the monk shuts the gate.</blockquote><blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Green willows and closed gates, eight or nine houses. A bright moon, rolled up curtains, two or three people.</blockquote><blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Touching the Big Dipper, a triangle rooftop. Appearing in mid-air, a single tower.</blockquote><blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">At the edge of a rock, a pine ages under a crescent moon. At the sky’s end, clouds descend on a thousand crags below.</blockquote>Poets like to use such meters (''yul''). descend on a thousand crags below.</blockquote> Poets like to use such meters (''yul'').)
E037 + (Section Chief (ch’ongnang) Hong Kan 洪侃 (d. … Section Chief (ch’ongnang) Hong Kan 洪侃 (d. 1304) loved the following poem by Edict Transmitter (sŭngsŏn) Chŏng Sŭmmyŏng 鄭襲明 (d. 1151). <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Amidst hundreds of flowers, is your elegant and lush face!Suddenly, a wild wind blows, Diminishing that rosy hue.Even otters’ marrow cannot restore your fair cheeks.Oh, lads of the Five Hills! Your disappointment knows no bounds</blockquote>Isn’t it because even after savoring it for a while, the poem still had a lingering flavor (mi)?In recent times, there was a famous kisaeng in P’ungju. The Greeting Official (chonmunsa) of the Western Capital summoned her and listed her name in the official kisaeng registry. She regretted that she had not met him earlier. Scholar Yi Ŭi 李顗 (ca. 1080) wrote a poem and had her sing it. <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">I remember the time when I was fifteen, with golden hairpins on both sides adorning my long and dark hair.What a pity! Only when my beauty faded and splendor diminished did I come to be a red lotus in the government tent!</blockquote>When compared to Chŏng Sŭmmyŏng’s poem, this poem is on par."my-2 text-info">When compared to Chŏng Sŭmmyŏng’s poem, this poem is on par.)
M051 + (Tears at parting year after year build the blue breakers)
C045 + (The above poems move people to recite them with fondness.)
M080 + (The desolate courtyard is in and out of view. Autumn thoughts are bitter. Stumbling upon a low hill, the sunset is radiant.)
M002 + (The great [[Tang]] … The great [[Tang]] has begun its grand mission.Majestic are the great merits of the emperor!The battles ceased, and the armor was put away.Civilization was restored, succeeding hundreds of kings.Commanding the heaven, the [[Tang]] showered down favor.Managing all things, it embodies beauty.Its benevolence was profound, keeping with the sun and the moon.Conforming to a timely fortune, a generation of great peace followed.How brilliant are your streaming banners!How dazzling your gongs and drums!Barbarians outside the realm who disobey your commandsshall be overthrown by a calamity from heaven.Harmonious air gathers throughout the world.Far and near, all vie for auspicious signs.Four seasons regulate favorable weather.[[Seven Stars]] illuminate myriad places.High mountains bring forth great ministers.The emperor employs the loyal and the good.Becoming one in virtue with [[Five Emperors and Three Kings]]is the radiant imperial house of Tang.]] is the radiant imperial house of Tang.)
E291 + (The imperial envoys from the past until no … The imperial envoys from the past until now possessed different levels of literary competence. I asked for Chŏng Saryong’s opinion on this matter. He said, “Qi Shun is the best, followed by Ni Qian and Dong Yue. Jin Shi’s seven-character quatrains are outstanding (kŭkho). Zhang Ning seems not fully mature (misuk).” Chŏng often recited and praised Dong Yue’s couplet, 江雨釀寒來樹杪嶺雲分瞑落山阿 The brewing chill from the river rain reaches the treetops. The splitting darkness from the summit clouds descends upon the mountain hills. Opinions regarding the praise of this couplet varied among people.raise of this couplet varied among people.)
M060 + (The jagged rocks of North Mountain, people … The jagged rocks of North Mountain,people call you Halberd Rocks. Towering, you strike the crane riding Prince Jin. Soaring, you pierce the shaman in the sky.Lightning’s fire forged your handles.Frost-like salt whetted your blades. Shall I wield you as a weapon to conquer Chu and save Fan!u as a weapon to conquer Chu and save Fan!)
M053 + (The land responds to the blue sky, not too far apart from each other. People and white clouds face each other at ease.)
M092 + (The one who makes plans by following others will eventually be a follower. By developing one’s style, one will attain realism (p’ipchin).)
C1743 + (The other three poems are allegorical (p’ungyu).)
C056 + (The poem possesses a sentimental charm (chŏngch’i) and flows beautifully (yuryŏ).)
E040 + (The poet Yang Yunpeng 楊雲鵬 (13th century; s … The poet Yang Yunpeng 楊雲鵬 (13th century; sobriquet Feiqing [Flying Minister]) of late Jin wrote a poem titled “Red Trees” 題紅樹, which reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Rosy ocean clouds do not bring rain and hover above the woods.A wildfire without wind reaches the treetop.</blockquote>Yi Changyong 李藏用 (1201–1272; posthumous sobriquet Munjin [Literary Truth]) also wrote, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">The desolate courtyard is in and out of view. Autumn thoughts are bitter.Stumbling upon a low hill, the sunset is radiant.</blockquote>I bet Yang would bow the knees to this.;p class="my-2 text-info">I bet Yang would bow the knees to this.)
M563 + (The waters of the Taedong River, when will you run dry? Tears at parting each year add to blue breakers.)
M078 + (The willow on the roadside, its green boughs like billowing smoke. I stop the horse and trouble you to snap one for me. Only the spring breeze feels most sorry for it, blowing briskly on the bough now in my hand.)
M071 + (The wind and moon are desolate at the Swallow Tower. Her courtier has departed, and she sadly dreams on. “Oh, you guests then and there! Stop blaming my age! The fair ladies who were at the tower now also have silvery heads!”)
C053 + (This is an example of so-called “poetry smacking of village schools.”)
M064 + (Three shouts of “To ten thousand years!” A sacred mountain burst forth. A thousand-year-old divine peach appears.)
M091 + (Together with the spring breeze we once sw … Together with the spring breeze we once swayed on the dancing mats.With joy, we wandered in a sundrenched garden, only to part ways with a broken heart in the sky.How can I wait until the clear Autumn Festival?The setting sun has already arrived, accompanied by cicadas.s already arrived, accompanied by cicadas.)
M056 + (Touching the Big Dipper, a triangle rooftop. Appearing in mid-air, a single tower.)
M063 + (Twin phoenixes descend among the clouds, guiding a carriage. Six tortoises emerge from the sea, carrying mountains on their backs.)
E043 + (T’anji 坦之 (late Koryŏ) passed the civil se … T’anji 坦之 (late Koryŏ) passed the civil service examination and became renowned for his poetry. He later became a Buddhist monk and adopted the name Ch’wibong (Vulture Peak). His poem “Falling Pear Blossoms” 落梨花 reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">When millions of jade dragons clashed over the pearly sun, the God of Waves in the sea picked up their fallen scales. Secretly, to the spring breeze he tried to sell them. Handily, the Lord of Spring scattered them in the dusty world of mortals.</blockquote>This is an example of so-called “poetry smacking of village schools.”Kim Ku 金坵 (1211–1278; sobriquet Munjŏng [Literary Uprightness]) also wrote a poem by this same title, and his reads, <blockquote class="font-weight-light my-2" style="padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; line-height:110%">Fluttering and dancing nimbly, moving to and fro.Scattered by the wind, yet you wish to bloom on the branches. Out of nowhere, a petal sticks to the cobweb. Spiders come out thinking that a butterfly has been snared.</blockquote>Each poet has his own technique (sudan).ote> Each poet has his own technique (sudan).)
M058 + (Under the carriage, dusty winds swirl. People are slain like tangled knots of hemp. Good times must not be wasted. Yellow chrysanthemums float on my white wine.)