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P020 on
Chongnam’s Assembled Records (Compendium of Remarks on Poetry)
Entry Text
文章用意處。自有奇妙造化。誠未易論也。至其狀物寫景之語。則如風雲變態。朝暮無常。苟非自到其境。不能明悟。是猶聖人能知聖也。李芝峯所著類說。許鄭湖陰後臺夜坐詩一聯。山木俱鳴風乍起。江聲忽厲月孤懸。而月孤懸三字。與江聲忽厲。不相屬云。許筠所撰國朝時刪中。選入此詩。而評之曰。此老此聯。當壓此卷。許筠以藻鑑名世。則宜有所深解。芝峰之有此貶論者。豈未嘗細究而然耶。余曾過淸風。抵宿黃江驛。夜半聞灘聲甚駛。開戶視之落月孤懸矣。因憶湖陰江聲忽厲月孤懸之句。一咏三歎。始覺古人寫景逼眞。其詩價對景益高
That meaning (yŏngŭi) in literature must come naturally from wondrous (kimyo) creativity (chohwa) has indeed been difficult to expound. As for descriptions of objects (changmul) and scenery (sagyŏng), for example, the shifting forms of winds and clouds and constant changes from morning to night cannot bring about an experience of awakening if they were not naturally obtained (chado), in the manner that only a sage can understand another sage. In his Chibong yusŏl (Topical Discourses of Chibong), Yi Sugwang appraised a couplet in Chŏng Saryong’s poem “Sitting in the Rear Terrace in the Evening” 後臺夜坐, 山木俱鳴風乍起江聲忽厲月孤懸 Mountain trees sing togetherat the sudden gust of wind. River sounds suddenly raceunder the lonely hanging moon. and commented that “under the lonely hanging moon” and “suddenly quickens the sound of river” do not belong together. In the Kukcho sisan (Poems Culled from Our Country), compiled by Hŏ Kyun, Hŏ included the poem and appraised it saying, “This couplet by the old poet is surely the most outstanding in the whole collection.” Hŏ was renowned for his appraisal of poetry, therefore he must have had profound understanding of the poem. Couldn’t it be that Yi Sugwang had such debasing review because he did not examine the poem in detail? Once I was passing Ch’ŏngp’ung county and spent the night at Hwanggang station. In the middle of the night, I heard the rushing sound of the river. I opened the door to look, and there in the sky a lonely moon was hanging. Then I recalled the line by Chŏng, “River sounds suddenly race under the lonely hanging moon.” After reciting the poem and savoring its meaning, I began to understand that the old poet’s description of scenery (sagyŏng) was realistic (p’ipchin). The poem’s value increased when put next to a real scenery.
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